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The tiniest microphone

Who: Hans-Elias de Bree, co-founder of Dutch company Microflown Technologies, and investor of a new technology called acoustic vector sensing.

What: This newly-created sensor and signal processing software can determine the source of a sound, ranging from human screams to gunfire, and can identify the makes and models of firearms on the battleground. The sensor, which is smaller than a match's head, heats two 200-nanometer-wide platinum strips to 200 degrees Celsius and measures how individual passing particles cool them down. Although other technologies can perform similar functions, they come with disadvantages, including traceability, large apparatuses and multiple sensors.

The future: Each soldier can carry his own microphone, increasing mobility and allowing for more individuals to listen for hostile activity. The technology currently is being tested by the armed forces in the Netherlands, Germany, India, Poland, New Zealand and Australia.

-compiled by Fiza Hashmi

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